Managing PAD in the Winter Months

As the temperatures drop during the winter months, individuals living with Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) may notice an unwelcome increase in their symptoms. From leg pain to heightened discomfort in the feet, cold weather can make day-to-day living more challenging for those managing this vascular condition.

Understanding how cold weather affects PAD and learning how to proactively manage symptoms is essential for maintaining comfort and reducing the risk of complications. At South Valley Vascular, we provide specialized care to help patients navigate seasonal challenges and live fuller, healthier lives—even during the chilliest months.

How Cold Weather Affects PAD

PAD is a circulatory condition where narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to the limbs, typically affecting the legs. In colder weather, the body’s natural responses can further restrict blood flow and aggravate existing symptoms. Here's how winter impacts PAD:

1. Vasoconstriction

When exposed to cold, the body conserves heat by narrowing blood vessels—a process known as vasoconstriction. While this is a normal response, for individuals with PAD, it can be especially problematic. Narrowed arteries become even tighter, reducing already limited blood flow to the legs and feet.

2. Reduced Circulation to Extremities

PAD already compromises circulation to the limbs. In the winter, this reduced circulation becomes more pronounced. Many patients report increased leg pain, cramping (claudication), and foot discomfort during cold weather.

3. Increased Pain Sensitivity

Cold temperatures can make nerve endings more sensitive, amplifying the feeling of pain. For people with PAD, even mild discomfort during warmer months can become significantly more noticeable when the mercury drops.

Managing PAD Symptoms in Winter

Although cold weather can intensify PAD symptoms, there are many effective ways to reduce discomfort and stay healthy through the winter months. Here are practical tips that can make a big difference:

1. Stay Warm

Keeping warm is essential for PAD patients in winter. Cold limbs are more prone to poor circulation and discomfort.

• Dress in Layers: Wear thermal undergarments, sweaters, and windproof outerwear. Layers help trap heat and regulate body temperature.
• Protect Extremities: Use thick socks, insulated boots, gloves, and hats to keep feet, hands, and head warm. These are the first places where heat is lost, and often the first to show symptoms of poor circulation.
• Blankets and Heating Pads: Keep cozy at home with heated blankets or microwaveable heat packs. Just be sure not to apply heat directly to the skin to avoid burns.

2. Practice Proper Foot Care

PAD increases the risk of foot complications, especially during colder, drier months.

• Inspect Feet Daily: Look for cracks, sores, discoloration, or any signs of infection. Early detection can prevent serious problems.
• Moisturize: Cold air dries out the skin. Apply a fragrance-free lotion daily, especially after bathing.
• Choose the Right Footwear: Avoid tight shoes that cut off circulation. Opt for well-fitting, insulated shoes or boots with cushioned soles.
• Avoid Walking Barefoot: Even indoors, keep your feet covered to protect against cold surfaces and accidental injury.

3. Engage in Gentle Indoor Exercise

Regular physical activity improves circulation and reduces PAD-related discomfort. While outdoor walks may be limited in winter, you can still stay active indoors.

• Walk Indoors: Use a treadmill or walk inside a shopping mall or even around the house.
• Stationary Bike: Low-impact cycling indoors is a safe and effective way to get your blood flowing.
• Stretching and Light Resistance: Incorporate simple leg exercises or chair workouts to maintain leg strength and vascular health.

Important: Always consult your physician before starting a new exercise routine.

4. Take Medications as Prescribed

Staying on top of your medication regimen is vital, especially during winter when symptoms may flare.

• Blood thinners, cholesterol-lowering drugs, or medications for blood pressure are often prescribed to PAD patients. Take them consistently.
• Never skip doses or make changes without consulting your vascular specialist.
• Set reminders or use a pill organizer to stay on track.

5. Avoid Prolonged Cold Exposure

PAD symptoms can quickly worsen with extended time spent in freezing temperatures.

• Limit Outdoor Time: Try to go outside during warmer parts of the day, usually mid-morning to early afternoon.
• Bundle Up If You Must Go Out: Always dress appropriately. Wearing gloves, thick socks, and a scarf to cover your nose and mouth helps retain heat and protect circulation.
• Stay Indoors During Temperature Extremes: If temperatures dip below freezing, it's best to stay inside.

6. Maintain Proper Hydration

Hydration plays a key role in vascular health, even in winter.

• Drink Plenty of Water: Dehydration can thicken your blood, making it harder for your heart to pump efficiently.
• Limit Caffeine and Alcohol: These substances can dehydrate the body and may negatively impact circulation.

7. Monitor Symptoms Closely

Always be alert to changes in your symptoms. Cold weather can accelerate the progression of PAD if not managed properly.

Seek medical attention if you experience:

• Increased or sudden leg pain (especially while resting).
• Numbness or tingling in your feet or toes.
• Sores or wounds that aren’t healing properly.
• Skin discoloration, shiny skin, or temperature differences between legs.

When to Contact South Valley Vascular

If you or a loved one is noticing worsening symptoms of PAD during the winter, it's time to reach out. South Valley Vascular can help if you experience:

• Significant increase in leg pain or claudication.
• Pain in the feet or legs while resting.
• New or non-healing ulcers or wounds.
• Cool or discolored skin in the legs or feet.

Prompt evaluation and treatment can prevent the condition from advancing and improve your quality of life.

South Valley Vascular: Your Partner in Vascular Health

Founded in 2005, South Valley Vascular was established by Dr. Campbell in Visalia with a single mission: to provide the highest standard of care for patients suffering from vascular disease. Since then, the practice has grown significantly, with five offices across California’s South Valley, making expert vascular care more accessible than ever.

Why Choose South Valley Vascular?

• Dedicated PAD Specialists: Our team of vascular surgeons and specialists provides personalized, evidence-based care for PAD.
• Full-Service Vascular Care: From diagnostic ultrasound to angiograms, ulcer treatment, and dialysis access care, we offer comprehensive services in one place.
• Local and Convenient: With offices in Visalia, Hanford, Porterville, and Fresno, top-tier care is just around the corner for South Valley residents.

Take Control of PAD This Winter

Don't let the winter months take control of your PAD. With proactive management and expert care, you can reduce discomfort, maintain mobility, and protect your vascular health.

If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of PAD, or has risk factors like diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or a history of smoking, it’s time to get evaluated.

📞 Contact South Valley Vascular Today

📍 Visalia – (559) 625-4118
📍 Hanford – (559) 825-6204
📍 Porterville – (559) 788-1022
📍 Fresno – (559) 746-9605

🔗 Book your appointment today!

Your vascular health matters—no matter the season. Let South Valley Vascular be your trusted partner in managing PAD all year long.