Understanding the Causes of Leg Ulcers and Finding Effective Treatment

Leg ulcers can be a debilitating and frustrating condition, impacting mobility and quality of life. These chronic wounds often take weeks or months to heal, causing pain, swelling, and discomfort. If left untreated, they can lead to serious complications such as infection and even amputation. Understanding the underlying causes of leg ulcers is crucial for effective treatment and healing.

In this article, we'll explore the underlying causes of leg ulcers, including venous insufficiency, arterial disease, and diabetes. We'll also discuss effective treatment options, from advanced wound care techniques to minimally invasive procedures. At South Valley Vascular, our experienced team of vascular surgeons specializes in diagnosing and treating leg ulcers. We offer personalized care plans to help you heal and get back to enjoying an active lifestyle. Continue reading to learn more about your treatment choices.

What Are Leg Ulcers?

Leg ulcers are open sores that develop on the lower legs and ankles due to poor circulation or other underlying health conditions. They are classified into different types based on their causes:

1. Venous Ulcers (Most Common)

Venous ulcers occur when veins in the legs fail to return blood to the heart efficiently, leading to blood pooling and increased pressure in the veins. This can cause skin breakdown and ulcer formation. Common causes include:

• Venous insufficiency – Poor vein function leads to sluggish circulation.
• Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) – A blood clot in a deep vein can damage valves and impair circulation.
• Varicose veins – Weakened vein walls can contribute to ulcer formation.

2. Arterial Ulcers

Arterial ulcers result from reduced blood supply to the legs due to arterial blockages. They are often more painful than venous ulcers and occur on the feet or toes. Common causes include:

• Atherosclerosis – The build-up of fatty deposits in the arteries restricts blood flow.
• Peripheral artery disease (PAD) – Narrowed arteries reduce circulation to the legs.
• Smoking and high cholesterol – These factors contribute to arterial damage.

3. Diabetic Ulcers

People with diabetes are prone to developing leg ulcers due to nerve damage (neuropathy) and poor circulation. Since neuropathy reduces pain sensation, small injuries can go unnoticed and worsen. Causes include:

• High blood sugar levels – Damage blood vessels and impair healing.
• Neuropathy – Loss of sensation increases the risk of injuries.
• Peripheral vascular disease – Diabetes-related circulation problems slow wound healing.

Risk Factors for Leg Ulcers

Individuals at higher risk of developing leg ulcers include:

• People with diabetes
• Individuals with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
• Patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD)
• Smokers
• Older adults
• People with obesity
• Those with poor mobility or prolonged sitting/standing habits

Signs and Symptoms of Leg Ulcers

Recognizing the symptoms of leg ulcers is essential for early treatment. Common signs include:

• Open sores on the legs or ankles
• Pain or discomfort in the affected area (especially arterial ulcers)
• Swelling in the legs and ankles
• Skin discoloration (dark or reddish patches)
• Hardening or thickening of the skin
• Slow or non-healing wounds
• Foul-smelling discharge (if infected)

The Importance of Early Diagnosis and Treatment

Early detection and treatment of leg ulcers can prevent serious complications, such as:

• Infection – Bacteria can enter open wounds, leading to cellulitis or sepsis.
• Tissue damage – Untreated ulcers can worsen and lead to necrosis.
• Amputation – In severe cases, ulcers can cause irreparable damage, requiring limb amputation.

Seeking medical attention as soon as symptoms appear can significantly improve healing outcomes.

Effective Treatment Options for Leg Ulcers

The treatment for leg ulcers depends on the type and underlying cause. Here are some common approaches:

1. Wound Care

• Regular cleaning to remove bacteria and dead tissue
• Dressing changes to keep the wound moist and promote healing
• Debridement (removal of dead tissue) to prevent infection

2. Compression Therapy

• Compression stockings or bandages to improve circulation in venous ulcers
• Helps reduce swelling and promote blood flow

3. Medications

• Antibiotics for infected ulcers
• Pain management medications for discomfort
• Blood thinners to prevent clotting in arterial ulcers

4. Surgical Interventions

In severe cases, surgery may be necessary:

• Skin grafts – Using healthy skin to cover large ulcers
• Bypass surgery – Creating new pathways for blood flow in arterial disease
• Vein procedures – Treating varicose veins and venous insufficiency

5. Lifestyle Modifications

• Quitting smoking to improve circulation
• Maintaining a healthy diet for better wound healing
• Regular exercise to improve blood flow

South Valley Vascular: Your Partner in Leg Ulcer Treatment

At South Valley Vascular, our experienced vascular surgeons specialize in diagnosing and treating leg ulcers using advanced techniques. With a focus on patient-centered care, we offer:

• Comprehensive vascular assessments to determine the cause of leg ulcers
• Minimally invasive procedures for improved healing outcomes
• Personalized treatment plans for each patient's needs
• State-of-the-art wound care for chronic ulcers

With five locations across Visalia, Hanford, Porterville, and Fresno, we are committed to helping patients achieve better vascular health.

Contact South Valley Vascular Today

If you or a loved one is suffering from leg ulcers, don’t wait. Early treatment can prevent complications and improve your quality of life.

📍 South Valley Vascular Locations:

• Visalia • (559) 625-4118
• Hanford • (559) 825-6204
• Porterville • (559) 788-1022
• Fresno • (559) 746-9605

🌍 Contact Us Online to learn more about our services and schedule a consultation today!